Track Movement of Milky Way With Amateur Radio Telescope

Many radio amateurs are also keen on astronomy so they may enjoy this recent article by David N2LVD in IEEE Spectrum. Click on the bold blue text headline link below for all the details.

73, John, WØPV

Track the Movement of the Milky Way With This DIY Radio Telescope - Detect galactic hydrogen using roof flashing, a paint-thinner can, and a software-defined radio



A young friend recently spent a week learning about radio astronomy at the Green Bank Observatory in West Virginia. His experience prompted me to ask: How big a radio antenna would you need to observe anything interesting? It turns out the answer is a half meter across. For less than US$150 I built one that size, and it can easily detect the motions of the spiral arms of the Milky Way galaxy. Wow!

(A real CAN-tenna )



At my instrument’s “first light,” I was able to detect the neutral hydrogen line with just a little squinting. After getting more familiar with the HDSDR software, I figured out how to time-average the signal and focus on the spectral plot, which I adjusted to display average power.

This plot distinctly showed a hydrogen “line” (really a fat bump) when I pointed my horn at the star Deneb, which is a convenient guide star in the constellation of Cygnus. Point at Cygnus and you’ll receive a strong signal from the local arm of the Milky Way very near the expected 1420.4-MHz frequency. Point it toward Cassiopeia, at a higher galactic longitude, and you’ll see the hydrogen-line signal shift to 1420.5 MHz—a subtle Doppler shift indicating that the material giving off these radio waves is speeding toward us in a relative sense. With some hunting, you may be able to discern two or more distinct signals at different frequencies coming from different spiral arms of the Milky Way.



Don’t expect to hear E.T., but being able to map the Milky Way in this fashion feels strangely empowering. It’ll be $150 well spent.

by David Schneider (N2LVD)

 

WoW! I hope they are not listening to us.

TOM K8ERV Montrose Colo

 

Cool !

G3SEA/KH6

 

Excellent job, OM David!
Though I'm not really into ultra-high frequencies nor astronomy, I enjoyed reading, how you solved the according issues.
Always fun to see, what can be done 'at home', when you focus on a certain challenge.

Peter/DL3PB

 

Great article John!!

 

Remember to ID every 10 minutes

 

Very interesting article David! Would be great to hear additional details of your setup ... did you use an L band preamp? What NF? What feedline/length and downconverter did you use before your SDR? Great work!

 

Now try a little Earth Orion Earth...

 

Here's a pic of the horn that Ewen and Purcell used to detect the 21cm (1420 MHZ) hydrogen line. This was on the top of the Harvard physics building....

They had more gain but also far noisier receivers

'Doc' Ewen became a big player in the microwave and 'dish' revolution of the 60's and 70's.

 

The 'horn' shown in the OP is likely a monopole inside a rectangular can, with a horn opening .

"TIME AVERAGING" is called 'integration' in radio astronomy, and is key to detecting celestial sources: it beats the noise down by the square root of the total time. The problem is that the OP is doing 'drift scans', so this sets the time averaging to less than a few minutes. Bright sources show up, dim ones are in the noise

 

Well done WØPV, thanks for finding that link.

QST ran an article 10 years ago, still good reading:

"Build a Homebrew Radio Telescope" WA8SME shares his experience.
http://www.arrl.org/files/file/ETP/Radio Telescope.pdf

Search on "Amateur Radio telescope" will bring lots of interesting reading.

 

Best article on QRZ in memory
Like see more of these kind of stories very inspiring indeed
Best 73
Joe
W0IW

 

It would be interesting if he developed a tracking system for the paint can horn antenna. Since the antenna is fairly small and lightweight, one could probably repurpose the mount of a hobbyist "go-to" optical telescope.

 

It all depends on the size of your antenna. I use a yagis for my RA work, and have one of them mounted on a Skyview Pro Equatorial Mount with a clock drive. I can set it up at dusk, and trust it to track all night if I want it to.

For RA work, you can use a GOTO mount.... but you don't really need one. They can be quite expensive. Any good equatorial mount with a single axis clock drive will do the trick. The Beam Width of most antennas is wide enough that you can manually set the initial position and then let the clock drive do it's thing. A small horn of plenty would work well on such a mount, as would a Log Periodic.

 

they are....