25 APRIL .... the day of the father of the radio : MARCONI

My Inventions in various formats:

http://www.tfcbooks.com/special/my_inventions_index.htm

 

Tesla....epic tales of the GREAT...

 

Tesla Timeline...and where was Marconi?

Year: 1893

February, 24th: Tesla Lectures In Philadelphia
"On Light and Other High Frequency Phenomena" lecture is given before the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia.

March, 1st: Tesla Lectures In St. Louis
"On Light and Other High Frequency Phenomena" lecture is given before the National Electric Light Association in St. Louis, Missouri.

May, 1st: Columbian Exposition
In 1892 George Westinghouse won the contract to power the Columbian Exposition. The Westinghouse company, with Tesla's guidance, built a power system for the exposition that produced three times more energy than was being utilized by the entire remainder of Chicago. Tesla had a large display including phosphorescent lighting (a precursor to fluorescent lamps) powered without wires by high-frequency fields and the Egg of Columbus. The success of the Tesla Polyphase System installed at the exposition ensured Westinghouse would be selected to harness Niagara.

August, 25th: Tesla Lectures In Chicago
"Mechanical and Electrical Oscillators" lecture is given before the members of the International Electrical Congress at the Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Illinois.

October, 24th: Niagara Contract Awarded
Westinghouse is awarded the initial Niagara Falls contract signifying the end of "The War of the Currents."

 

Ignoring the jealous comments when faced with true genius, here is a page that shows what Tesla did at the Columbian Exhibition or Chicago World's Fair...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World's_Columbian_Exposition

An earlier version of this Wikipedia article had the following which was later deleted:

Electricity at the fair

The International Exposition was held in a building which was devoted to electrical exhibits. General Electric Company (backed by Thomas Edison and J.P. Morgan) had proposed to power the electric exhibits with direct current originally at the cost of 1.8 million dollars. After this was initially rejected as exorbitant, General Electric re-bid their costs at $554,000. However, Westinghouse, armed with Nikola Tesla's alternating current system, proposed to illuminate the Columbian Exposition in Chicago for $399,000, and Westinghouse won the bid.

It was a historical moment and the beginning of a revolution, as Nikola Tesla and George Westinghouse introduced the public to electrical power by illuminating the exposition. All the exhibits were from commercial enterprises. Thomas Edison, Brush, Western Electric, and Westinghouse had exhibits. The public observed firsthand the qualities and abilities of alternating current power. Tesla's high-frequency high-voltage lighting produced more efficient light with quantitatively less heat. A two-phase induction motor was driven by current from the main generators to power the system. Edison tried to prevent the use of his light bulbs in Tesla's works. General Electric banned the use of Edison's lamps in Westinghouse's plan in retaliation for losing the bid. Westinghouse's company quickly designed a double-stopper light bulb (sidestepping Edison's patents) and was able to light the fair. The Westinghouse light bulb was invented by Reginald Fessenden, later to be the first person to transmit voice by radio. Fessenden replaced Edison's delicate platinum lead-in wires with an iron-nickel alloy, thus greatly reducing the cost and increasing the life of the lamp.

White City World's Fair Tesla presentation

The Westinghouse Company displayed several polyphase systems. The exhibits included a switchboard, polyphase generators, step-up transformers, transmission line, step-down transformers, commercial size induction motors and synchronous motors, and rotary direct current converters (including an operational railway motor). The working scaled system allowed the public a view of a system of polyphase power which could be transmitted over long distances, and be utilized, including the supply of direct current. Meters and other auxiliary devices were also present. Tesla displayed his phosphorescent lighting, powered without wires by high-frequency fields. Tesla displayed the first practical phosphorescent lamps (a precursor to fluorescent lamps). Tesla's lighting inventions exposed to high-frequency currents would bring the gases to incandescence. Tesla also displayed the first neon lights. His innovations in this type of light emission were not regularly patented.

 

More Tesla History​

 

“Wizard: The Life and Times of Nikola Tesla”

“The story of one of the most prolific, independent and iconoclastic inventors of this century is a fascinating one.”
— Scientific American

http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0806519606/wwwnetsensenet06

 

Just some of Tesla’s most notable inventions ​

1. The induction motor
2. The rotating magnetic field (precursor to gyroscope)
3. The AC polyphase system: electric power transmission
4. Inventor of efficient hydroelectric station - renewable clean energy
5. Arc lighting
6. Fluorescent and neon lights
7. Laser beams
8. X-rays
9. Dematerialization devices
10. Radio tube and precursor to TV tube, also precursor to fax machine
11. Tesla coil
12. Oscillators
13. Selective tuning
14. Encryption technology and scrambler
15. Electric railroad (subway)
16. Wireless communication
17. Wireless power transmission
18. Framework for sending voice and pictures by means of wireless
19. Stealth technology (radar jamming)
20. Radio guidance technology
21. Cell phone technology
22. Artificial intelligence
23. Remote control, e.g., garage-door opener, remote-control toys
24. Robotics
25. Telautomaton (incorporated above: remote control robotics)
26. Radar
27. Telegeodynamics (a way to search for metals and minerals)
28. Tachometer and speedometer
29. Earthquake machine
30. Weather modification (part of Wardenclyffe)
31. Harnessing solar power, geothermal and tides
32. Electrotherapeutics – use of high-frequency phenomena to promote healing
33. Electric bath
34. Machine that stimulates laxative effect*(remember this one)
35. Fertilizer machine abstracts nitrogen from the environment
36. Refrigeration machines
37. Ozone-producing machines
38. Bladeless turbines and pumps
39. Reactive jet dirigible – (precursor to Harrier jet)
40. Hovercraft
41. Flivver plane (precursor to Osprey helicopter/aircraft)
42. Particle-beam weapons (precursor to Starwars)

How many of Tesla's notable inventions are typically credited to others?

A number of these inventions (the ones listed above) are often wrongly credited to others. Tom Edison may have invented the first workable electric light, but without Tesla’s invention of AC electrical transmission, these light bulbs and corresponding lighting systems would have remained highly inefficient.

So the concept of transmitting electricity for lighting and power for long distances is often wrongly credited to Tom Edison and Elihu Thomson of the Thomson Houston company, (later GE), when in fact the system was invented by Tesla and moved into the market by George Westinghouse.

Also from this website...

The idea of harnessing alternating current efficiently is Tesla’s creation, but it is sometimes wrongly attributed to Charles Steinmetz, a brilliant mathematician who worked for General Electric. Steinmetz wrote two key textbooks on the AC polyphase system but neglected to put Tesla’s name in these books. This would be equivalent to writing books on the Theory of Relativity and forgetting to mention the name of Einstein!

This and much more from:
https://sites.google.com/site/skbigm/tesla

 

WHO INVENTED RADIO?​

http://www.pbs.org/tesla/ll/ll_whoradio.html
​

The following and more from this website:

With his newly created Tesla coils, the inventor soon discovered that he could transmit and receive powerful radio signals when they were tuned to resonate at the same frequency. When a coil is tuned to a signal of a particular frequency, it literally magnifies the incoming electrical energy through resonant action. By early 1895, Tesla was ready to transmit a signal 50 miles to West Point, New York... But in that same year, disaster struck. A building fire consumed Tesla's lab, destroying his work.

The timing could not have been worse. In England, a young Italian experimenter named Guglielmo Marconi had been hard at work building a device for wireless telegraphy. The young Marconi had taken out the first wireless telegraphy patent in England in 1896. His device had only a two-circuit system, which some said could not transmit "across a pond." Later Marconi set up long-distance demonstrations, using a Tesla oscillator to transmit the signals across the English Channel.

Tesla filed his own basic radio patent applications in 1897. They were granted in 1900. Marconi's first patent application in America, filed on November 10, 1900, was turned down. Marconi's revised applications over the next three years were repeatedly rejected because of the priority of Tesla and other inventors.

The Patent Office made the following comment in 1903:

Many of the claims are not patentable over Tesla patent numbers 645,576 and 649,621, of record, the amendment to overcome said references as well as Marconi's pretended ignorance of the nature of a "Tesla oscillator" being little short of absurd... the term "Tesla oscillator" has become a household word on both continents [Europe and North America].

But no patent is truly safe, as Tesla's career demonstrates. In 1900, the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company, Ltd. began thriving in the stock markets—due primarily to Marconi's family connections with English aristocracy. British Marconi stock soared from $3 to $22 per share and the glamorous young Italian nobleman was internationally acclaimed. Both Edison and Andrew Carnegie invested in Marconi and Edison became a consulting engineer of American Marconi. Then, on December 12, 1901, Marconi for the first time transmitted and received signals across the Atlantic Ocean.

Otis Pond, an engineer then working for Tesla, said, "Looks as if Marconi got the jump on you." Tesla replied, "Marconi is a good fellow. Let him continue. He is using seventeen of my patents."

But Tesla's calm confidence was shattered in 1904, when the U.S. Patent Office suddenly and surprisingly reversed its previous decisions and gave Marconi a patent for the invention of radio. The reasons for this have never been fully explained, but the powerful financial backing for Marconi in the United States suggests one possible explanation.


Tesla was embroiled in other problems at the time, but when Marconi won the Nobel Prize in 1911, Tesla was furious. He sued the Marconi Company for infringement in 1915, but was in no financial condition to litigate a case against a major corporation. It wasn't until 1943—a few months after Tesla's death— that the U.S. Supreme Court upheld Tesla's radio patent number 645,576. The Court had a selfish reason for doing so. The Marconi Company was suing the United States Government for use of its patents in World War I. The Court simply avoided the action by restoring the priority of Tesla's patent over Marconi.


More pages follow at the website linked above...

 

Follow..the...GOURD!

 

On the contrary, the life of this lighting was rather short lived....

"Since Edison specified a sealed globe of glass in his design Westinghouse found a way to sidestep the Edison patent by quickly developing a lamp with a ground glass stopper in one end, based on a Sawyer-Man "stopper" lamp patent they already had. The lamps worked well but were short lived, requiring a small army of workmen to constantly replace them." (Quentin R. Skrabec, George Westinghouse: Gentle Genius, page 140)

Also phosphorescence is a chemical reaction and the first known practical use of phosphorescent light was created by the Ancient Egyptians using phosphorescent papyrus.



Therefore, phosphorescent light was not a Nikola Tesla invention as his lighting demonstration claims to be the case during the fair.

 

In order to assure continuing longevity to God TESLA's genius patents, I , fan-boy Chip, am publicly disclosing a most valuable invention, which I give freely to the world in the name of our almighty TESLA!

The novel apparatus comprises a collapsible air-filled tube that may extend thousands of miles! It will generously act as the CONDUCTIVE AIR STRATA-even between a point of rarified air, like Mount Everest--for which our dear Almighty Tesla's gift of wireless can propagate, without the desire for pesky and unreliable Hertzian waves (which propagate in vacuo if needed). One need only connect the air filled tube BETWEEN two points to assure the DREAM of INFINITE NUMBERS OF SIGNALS between two points! You can use for the "CELL PHONE TECHNOLOGY" Tesla invented!!! Also works on Tesla's DEATH RAY!

Here is a picture of one of the embodiments. It will be appreciated that other embodiments may apply. I call it the.....TESLA TUBE!

 

Nikola Tesla was an inventor who obtained around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions. Some of Tesla's patents are not accounted for, and various sources have discovered some that have lain hidden in patent archives.

There are a minimum of 278 patents issued to Tesla in 26 countries that have been accounted for. Many of Tesla's patents were in the United States, Britain, and Canada, but many other patents were approved in countries around the globe. Many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection.

More is at:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nikola_Tesla_patents

 

If I remember correctly, it does not say he invented phosphorescent lighting, it says he used it as a demonstration. This introduced Neon lighting.

In the mid-50's, I experimented with a Model-T spark coil which was said to produce between 60 and 80 thousand volts, unloaded. I could take an ordinary light bulb and hold it to the middle/HV terminal and with only one contact, the middle contact on the mazda light screw-in base, the bulb would light up. The inside of the bulb showed arcing from the filament to the glass inside. From prior experience, I made sure to not let my fingers get anywhere near the base of the lamp. Also, the spark coil was powered by four 1/2-V flashlight batteries. (I also took this to school and would put the high voltage terminal against the brick wall of the relatively new school and students within six feet would involuntarily find themselves bouncing off the wall. The spark coil was confiscated by a "very caring" teacher and locked into her homeroom closet. I waited until she left at the end of the school day and made sure it went home with me. Also, the spark coil because part of a radio transmitter experiment and was left with a friend who wanted to use the buzzer for code practice. Problem was he lived about 500-ft from the local radio station and the station engineer politely knocked on his door and confiscated the "transmitter" since he could hear it on his monitor. This was in Sanford, FL).

 

Pray tell us: WHICH PATENTS? The ones that are 'not accounted for'?