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Threat to Amateur Radio 23cm band

Discussion in 'Amateur Radio News' started by G4TUT/SK2022, Aug 17, 2019.

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  1. G4TUT/SK2022

    G4TUT/SK2022 Ham Member QRZ Page

    Threat to Amateur Radio 23cm band

    A joint paper to be submitted to the CEPT CPG meeting in Ankara by France, Lithuania, Malta, Slovenia and The Netherlands attacks the continued use by Radio Amateurs of our 1240-1300 MHz band

    This is the final CEPT CPG meeting in preparation for the ITU World Radiocommunication Conference 2019 (WRC-19) to be held in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, October 28 to November 22. This conference will define the Agenda Items for WRC-23.

    Paper AI10 - Proposal on AS-RNSS says:

    Galileo is close to full operational capability and its E6 signals in the band 1260-1300 MHz will support new services such as the free-to-use Galileo High Accuracy Service, and also robust authentication, expected to be used by a variety of applications including autonomous vehicles and the Internet of Things (IoT).

    Several cases of interference to Galileo E6 receivers from amateur service emissions have occurred in the recent past, sometimes at significant distance, and have taken several hours or even days to be eliminated. There is therefore a serious concern that as Galileo E6 receivers are deployed and used more widely, cases of interference from amateur stations will rapidly grow in number.

    A WRC-23 agenda item is necessary to address this issue because:

    1. Unregulated use of the band 1240-1300 MHz by the amateur service is a serious source of harmful interference to RNSS receivers. This is demonstrated by experience.

    2. The number of Galileo receivers in 1260-1300 MHz will increase dramatically, and interference cases will multiply if not addressed timely.

    3. Galileo and other RNSS systems will deploy at global scale, and interference scenario between amateur emissions and RNSS receivers include cross-border cases. The issue is therefore of international nature and is to be addressed in the ITU framework.

    4. Galileo is a major European asset, and a decision at WRC-23 is essential to be compatible with the roadmap of deployment of Galileo receivers in this band.

    Download Paper: AI10 - Proposal on AS-RNSS from
    https://cept.org/ecc/groups/ecc/cpg/client/meeting-documents/?flid=10031

    Also see IARU paper: RNSS Proposal WRC-19 AI 10 at the same URL


    January 2006 – Potential Interference To Galileo From 23cm Band Operations by Peter Blair G3LTF
    http://www.southgatearc.org/articles/galileo.htm


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    KG4BFR likes this.
  2. WA4ILH

    WA4ILH Subscriber QRZ Page

    Unfortunately, (for us amateurs) the band 1240-1300 is allocated on a secondary basis to amateur. Not only are there four other allocations that are PRIMARY in this band, but at least some of them could probably be considered a “safety of life” service. I wouldn’t hold my breath. Too bad, 23 cm is a fun band.
    Tom WA4ILH
     
  3. K6CLS

    K6CLS Ham Member QRZ Page

    This statement bothers me: amateur service is not unregulated!

    Anyway, the Galileo designers failed, they should have made their signal more robust under known conditions. Amateurs are secondary, 3 or 4 other primary users and their crummy design can't work around that?

    No mistake, Galileo is intruding.

    Not sorry.
     
    KE9OL, SQ4MIK, KA0HCP and 4 others like this.
  4. N0TZU

    N0TZU Platinum Subscriber Platinum Subscriber QRZ Page

    What are the the other primary services?

    I just read the paper and didn’t see any mention of studying other services to resolve compatibility issues.
     
  5. K6CLS

    K6CLS Ham Member QRZ Page

    that's a good question. I don't know if the paper considers only region 1, or worldwide.
     
  6. W6RZ

    W6RZ Premium Subscriber QRZ Page

    https://transition.fcc.gov/oet/spectrum/table/fcctable.pdf
     
    W6KKO likes this.
  7. K6CLS

    K6CLS Ham Member QRZ Page

    what part of the following text do you think applies to the situation under discussion?

    ... page 32 says regions 1, 2, 3 allocations are all the same:

    1240-1300
    EARTH EXPLORATION-SATELLITE (active)
    RADIOLOCATION
    RADIONAVIGATION-SATELLITE (space-to-Earth) (space-to-space)
    notes in sections 5.328B 5.329 5.329A
    SPACE RESEARCH (active)
    Amateur

    more notes in sections 5.282 5.330 5.331 5.332 5.335 5.335A

    5.282 In the bands 435-438 MHz, 1260-1270 MHz, 2400-2450 MHz, 3400-3410 MHz (in Regions 2 and 3 only) and 5650-5670 MHz, the amateur-satellite service may operate subject to not causing harmful interference to other services operating in accordance with the Table (see No. 5.43). Administrations authorizing such use shall ensure that any harmful interference caused by emissions from a station in the amateur-satellite service is immediately eliminated in accordance with the provisions of No. 25.11. The use of the bands 1260-1270 MHz and 5650-5670 MHz by the amateur-satellite service is limited to the Earth-to-space direction

    5.330 Additional allocation: in Angola, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Cameroon, China, Djibouti, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, the Philippines, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Chad, Togo and Yemen, the band 1215-1300 MHz is also allocated to the fixed and mobile services on a primary basis. (WRC-12)

    5.331Additional allocation: in Algeria, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, China, Korea (Rep. of), Croatia, Denmark, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Estonia, the Russian Federation, Finland, France, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Equatorial Guinea, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Lesotho, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Montenegro, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic, Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea, Slovakia, the United Kingdom, Serbia, Slovenia, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Turkey, Venezuela and Viet Nam, the band 1215-1300 MHz is also allocated to the radionavigation service on a primary basis. In Canada and the United States, the band 1240-1300 MHz is also allocated to the radionavigation service, and use of the radionavigation service shall be limited to the aeronautical radionavigation service. (WRC-12)5.332In the band 1215-1260 MHz, active spaceborne sensors in the Earth exploration-satellite and space research services shall not cause harmful interference to, claim protection from, or otherwise impose constraints on operation or development of the radiolocation service, the radionavigation-satellite service and other services allocated on a primary basis.

    5.335In Canada and the United States in the band 1240-1300 MHz, active spaceborne sensors in the Earth exploration-satellite and space research services shall not cause interference to, claim protection from, or otherwise impose constraints on operation or development of the aeronautical radionavigation service.5.335A In the band 1260-1300 MHz, active spaceborne sensors in the Earth exploration-satellite and space research services shall not cause harmful interference to, claim protection from, or otherwise impose constraints on operation or development of the radiolocation service and other services allocated by footnotes on a primary basis.
     
  8. SM0AOM

    SM0AOM Ham Member QRZ Page

    All footnotes apply, depending on their respective geographical location.

    Traditionally, the main primary users of the 1240-1300 MHz band have been
    Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR) for air traffic control and air defences.

    These radars are now becoming obsolete in Europe and are replaced with C-band and in some countries S-band radars. This has lessened the pressure from radiolocation users on the band, but instead radionavigation and Earth exploration have taken their places.

    The Galileo waveform has been tailored to handle the radar interference that may occur from PSR:s and Earth exploration satellites, but not so much for interferers with less well-defined and predictable spectrum masks. Reported interference cases from amateur radio have been from ATV repeaters in north-west Europe.

    Design parameters of the Galileo system also have taken the secondary status of amateur radio in consideration, relying on the procedures outlined in the Radio Regulations for mitigating interference from secondary users (= reducing power or removing them altogether.)

    "5.28 3) Stations of a secondary service:
    5.29 a) shall not cause harmful interference to stations of primary services to which frequencies are already assigned or to which frequencies may be assigned at a later date"

    ...

    "15.2 § 2 Transmitting stations shall radiate only as much power as is necessary to ensure a satisfactory service.
    ...

    15.9 § 5 The class of emission to be employed by a station should be such as to achieve minimum interference and to assure efficient spectrum utilization. In general this requires that in selecting the class of emission to meet these objectives every effort shall be made to minimize the bandwidth occupied, taking into account the operational and technical considerations of the service to be performed."


    The spectrum regulatory community in Europe largely regards amateur radio as irrelevant, so if there are founded concerns about the spectrum usage or interference potentials they will constrain or remove amateur radio from the spectrum allocation in question.

    One should keep in mind that no national Administration can be forced to allow amateur radio in a particular frequency band, even if it should be shown as exclusively amateur in the ITU Table of Frequency Allocations (Article 5).
    One precedent has been the measures taken in some countries for protecting WiFi and Short-Range Devices from amateur radio emissions in the 13 cm band.

    The Galileo system represents a multi-billion investment whose value for society outweighs amateur radio by many orders of magnitude.

    73/
    Karl-Arne
    SM0AOM
     
    Last edited: Aug 19, 2019
  9. W6RZ

    W6RZ Premium Subscriber QRZ Page

    Certainly radiolocation, more commonly known an radar. The FAA operates Common Air Route Surveillance Radar (CARSR) at 23cm.

    http://www.arrl.org/news/amateurs-must-protect-new-radars-in-23-cm-band

    Earth exploration-satellite will be used by the Theia satellite constellation.

    https://docs.fcc.gov/public/attachments/DOC-357378A1.pdf

    https://docs.fcc.gov/public/attachments/DOC-357092A1.pdf

    For the US, there is no radionavigation-satellite allocation at 1240 to 1300 MHz. Because of that, Galileo receivers are offered no protection.
     
    K6CLS likes this.
  10. SM5PHU

    SM5PHU Ham Member QRZ Page

    One should also keep in mind that all member states of the European Union are bound by European law, such as for instance the SRD directive, which states the following regarding WiFi and short range devices:
    Sorry for being off topic.

    73,
    Jonas SM5PHU
     
  11. SM0AOM

    SM0AOM Ham Member QRZ Page

    SRD Directive or not, the regulator has decided that WiFi
    and similar mass-market devices should enjoy protection
    against amateur radio transmissions.

    What this tells us about the relevance of amateur radio in some countries is up for interpretation.

    73/
    Karl-Arne
    SM0AOM
     
  12. SM5PHU

    SM5PHU Ham Member QRZ Page

    There is no such choice "SRD Directive or not". The SRD Directive is the law of the land, and applies also to regulators who do not understand that amateur radio is a radio communications service.

    73.
    Jonas SM5PHU
     
    Last edited: Aug 19, 2019
  13. SM0AOM

    SM0AOM Ham Member QRZ Page

    There are no sanctions that I know of that could apply to regulators that
    "do not understand that amateur radio is a radio communications service".

    The only way to survive in the longer term is avoiding picking fights with the regulator, either by stupidity or by incompetence...

    73/
    Karl-Arne
    SM0AOM
     
  14. W0PV

    W0PV Ham Member QRZ Page

    In the USA the FCC has lost in court for attempts to support commercial initiatives or "over-regulate" in the face of conflicting law or other regulatory matters outside its purview.
     
  15. SM0AOM

    SM0AOM Ham Member QRZ Page

    Europe is not the USA...

    73/
    Karl-Arne
    SM0AOM
     
    W0PV likes this.

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