KQ6XA
12-15-2005, 11:02 AM
The use of 5 MHz by amateur radio operators is expanding into more countries, with emergency channels, propagation experiment operation, secondary status, and normal amateur use. Australia's amateur radio organization, the Wireless Institute of Australia, is the most recent addition to 5MHz. WIA (http://www.wia.org.au/) now has a licence for two new 5MHz channels in emergency situations involving the Wireless Institute Civil Emergency Network WICEN (http://www.wicen.org.au/), using non-amateur callsigns and type-approved radios that are common in Australian outback HF land mobile.
Propagation on 5MHz fills in the distance gap between 40 metres and 80 metres, especially during morning and evening hours. It also provides different band openings during winter and at higher latitudes than 40 metres.
Here is a recently updated list of 5MHz channels, bands, and frequencies related to amateur radio (as of 12-2005).
Worldwide 5MHz Frequency and Channel List
CHANNEL DIAL FREQ ... LOCATION REMARKS
102.0 = 5102.0kHz USB (Australia)[WIA/WICEN Emergency]
167.5 = 5167.5kHz USB (Alaska)[Emergency]
194.5 = 5194.5kHz USB (Germany) [DRA5 Beacon]
250.0-310.0 = 5250 to 5310kHz Bangladesh
258.5 = 5258.5kHz USB (UK)[Canada-Experimental]
267.5 = 5267.5kHz USB (Canada-Experimental]
278.5 = 5278.5kHz USB (UK/Finland/Norway/Iceland)
288.5 = 5288.5kHz USB (UK/Finland/Norway/Iceland)[Canada Exp][UK Beacons]
298.5 = 5298.5kHz USB (Finland)
318.5 = 5318.5kHz USB [Canada-Experimental]
327.5 = 5327.5kHz USB [Canada-Experimental]
330.5 = 5330.5kHz USB (USA/Finland/Norway/Iceland/St.Lucia)
346.5 = 5346.5kHz USB (USA/Finland/Norway/Iceland/St.Lucia)
355.0 = 5355.0kHz USB (Australia)[WIA/WICEN Emergency]
366.5 = 5366.5kHz USB (USA/Finland/Norway/Iceland)
371.5 = 5371.5kHz USB (USA/Finland/Norway/Iceland/St.Lucia)
398.5 = 5398.5kHz USB (UK/Finland/Norway/Iceland)[Canada-Exp]
403.5 = 5403.5kHz USB (USA/UK/Norway/Iceland/St.Lucia)[Canada-Exp]
Notes on the 5MHz List (International):
1) Dial Frequency: Above listed frequencies are "dial frequencies" as you see them on your radio. The center-of-channel offset is already figured out for you. (The center-of-channel is usually 1.5kHz higher than the dial frequency).
2) Worldwide: The current worldwide standard for Amateur Radio on 5MHz is Upper Sideband (USB). Other emission types are also in use.
3) USA: Only USB voice with 2.8kHz bandwidth is authorized in USA for all General class or higher licensees, using the equivalent of 50 Watts into a dipole.
4) UK: Voice, Digital, and CW modes within a 3kHz bandwidth at 200 Watts are authorised in UK for holders of experimental or N.O.V., and channels are often described by the centre-of-channel frequency (dial+1500Hz) or the formal "Foxtrot" designators FA-FB-FC-FE-FM. The Beacon Network (http://g4irx.nowindows.net/fivemegs/comparison.php) on 5290kHz is active for real-time ionospheric propagation soundings.
5) Germany: DRA5 Experimental Beacon, operated by DARC (DK0WCY beacon team), transmits propagation data (dial+1500Hz) CW/RTTY/PSK31.
6) Canada: Experimental licensed operation by Marconi Radio Club (VO1MRC) members. CW or USB on 5260, 5269, 5280, 5290, 5319, 5400 and 5405 kHz with 100 watts output. Some beacon testing on 5269.5 kHz and CW QSOs on 5260 kHz.
7) Finland: Club stations may apply for authorization to operate the 5MHz channels with maximum power of 50 Watts on USB only. The USB dial frequencies for Finland are: 5288.6, 5298.6, 5330.6, 5346.6, 5366.6, 5371.6, 5398.6 kHz.
8) Australia: Wireless Institute of Australia is licenced for 2 HF land mobile 5MHz channels, for emergency use by the Wireless Institute Civil Emergency Network, using non-amateur callsigns AXF404 and AXF405, and ACMA type approved radio equipment (such as the transceivers normally used for HF outback communications in the VKS737 HF net).
9) Remote bases and Echolink HF stations: Some HF remote base stations in USA have been in operation on 5371.5kHz, using Internet Remote Base or Echolink with voice squelch and/or UHF remotes.
10) Evening/Night Guidelines: 5MHz channels are a shared resource with many users. In many countries, amateurs are secondary users and must QRT when a primary station is on the channel. For this reason, transmission time should be kept to a minimum, and it is best to wait a few seconds before responding during a QSO. Considerate hams usually try to avoid longwinded ragchews during peak evening hours whenever activity is high and propagation is open for wide regional communications on the 5MHz channels.
11) Iceland: 8 channels with 3kHz bandwidth, USB or CW at 100W.
12) Bangladesh: 5250 to 5310 kHz Amateur Applications; Amateur propagation experiments with stations of administrations permitting such activities. Secondary status.
13) St. Lucia (J6) has the same 5 channels as USA and there continues to be activity.
14) Other countries: Some other authorised 5MHz operations have been reported such as the 5Z4HW DXpedition in Kenya, and the ZD8I (G8WVW) operation in Ascension Island in April 2005. Some experimental operation has also been reported from Russia. Other reports of operation include Columbia and Mexico.
Here are some useful operating techniques for the 5MHz channels:
1. Put the 5MHz channels in your transceiver memory, including the USB mode. If possible, also include narrow TX bandwidth,and the correct transmit power level.
2. Before transmitting, check your transceiver's calibration against a time/frequency reference signal such as WWV on 5000.000 kHz. Select a channel, check your power setting, lock your VFO dial, and lock your microphone "channel Up/Down" switch and keypad.
3. Use your RIT or receive clarifier to tune other stations in. Do not change your main VFO dial or transmit frequency unless you discover that you are out of calibration.
4. Avoid long auto-tuning or manual-tuning times if possible. Transmission of a carrier, especially zero-beat, is not allowed in some countries (such as USA).
5. Before starting to transmit, listen on the channel for at least 3 minutes. If it is vacant, start by just saying your callsign. Similar to VHF repeater operation, it is not necessary to call a long CQ. Just announcing your callsign (phonetically) and your location is sometimes enough to start up a contact.
6. If you have a very high receive noise level at your QTH, be very cautious about transmitting because you may be interfering with primary users or a QSO that is already in progress between amateurs.
7. Try to peacefully co-exist and share the channel with other stations talking in the background. Unlike other HF SSB ham bands, 5MHz is channelised and very limited. Don't insist upon a totally clear channel, because it is possible for there to be several layers of QSOs going on simultaneously in different areas on the same channel.
8. ID more often than you normally would. Once you establish contact, say your callsign and the callsign of station you are talking to. This will help a lot when there are multiple stations simultaneously using the same channel.
9. Avoid ragchewing. Use short transmissions, drag your feet between overs, and give everyone a chance to use the channels. Be open to other stations calling each other between gaps in your QSO.
10. There are many 5MHz channels around the world now, and the list is growing. Among regular 5MHz operators, the channels are often called by the last few digits in kiloHertz, such as "403.5" (meaning the dial frequency 5403.5kHz).
USA, here are the 5MHz FCC Rules:
"§97.303 (s) An amateur station having an operator holding a General, Advanced or Amateur Extra Class license may only transmit single sideband, suppressed carrier, (emission type 2K8J3E) upper sideband on the channels 5332 kHz, 5348 kHz, 5368 kHz, 5373 kHz, and 5405 kHz. Amateur operators shall ensure that their transmission occupies only the 2.8 kHz centered around each of these frequencies. Transmissions shall not exceed an effective radiated power (e.r.p) of 50 W PEP. For the purpose of computing e.r.p. the transmitter PEP will be multiplied with the antenna gain relative to a dipole or the equivalent calculation in decibels. A half wave dipole antenna will be presumed to have a gain of 0 dBd. Licensees using other antennas must maintain in their station records either manufacturer data on the antenna gain or calculations of the antenna gain. No amateur station shall cause harmful interference to stations authorized in the mobile and fixed services; nor is any amateur station protected from interference due to the operation of any such station."
USA FCC "Emergency Communications Declaration" information for USA emergency net operators using 5MHz:
In 2004, the FCC changed its general policy for issuing Emergency Communications Declarations (ECD) on Amateur Radio Service frequencies. ECDs typically are issued to temporarily protect certain frequencies for emergency net use only. The policy says that ECDs may now be issued for one or two 5MHz channels and/or VHF/UHF frequencies. Prior to this policy, ECDs typically were issued during weather-related and wildfire emergencies for frequencies in the 75 and 40 meter bands. The FCC also said that frequencies in other Amateur Service bands where emergency nets already have been established may be used during emergencies under the provisions of rule §97.101c (which stipulates that Amateur Radio Service operators give priority to stations providing emergency communications at all times and on all frequencies).
5MHz interference from BPL and HomePlug transmitters:
Some Broadband Over Power Line (BPL) and in-building powerline communications systems (PLCs) use HF and low VHF spectrum for transmitting signals which radiate in the general area of the power lines. Some of these systems have voluntarily conformed to the HomePlug standard which uses "spectrum notches" in most of the HF ham bands in their effort to mitigate some of the interference they cause to hams. However, the existing HomePlug standard does not provide spectrum notches for the 5MHz channels. The USA FCC requires that any new BPL systems have the capability to notch out frequencies whenever they generate interference to licensed services. However, in practice, it is has been difficult to get BPL systems to deal with interference complaints.
For reference purposes, here is a list of the USA FCC-authorized BPL (Broadband over Power Lines) transmitting bands for USA
1.705 MHz to 2.850 MHz (160m Amateur Radio Service)
3.025 MHz to 3.400 kHz
3.500 MHz to 4.650 MHz (80m Amateur Radio Service)
4.700 MHz to 5.450 MHz (60m Amateur Radio Service)
5.680 MHz to 6.525 MHz
6.685 MHz to 8.815 MHz (40m Amateur Radio Service)
8.965 MHz to 10.005 MHz
10.100 MHz to 11.275 MHz (30m Amateur Radio Service)
11.400 MHz to 13.260 MHz
13.360 MHz to 17.900 MHz (20m Amateur Radio Service)
17.970 MHz to 21.924 MHz (17m,15m Amateur Radio Service)
22.000 MHz to 74.800 MHz (12m,10m,6m Amateur Radio Service)
75.200 to 80.000 MHz
Note:
It is certainly not my intention to turn this into a BPL discussion. The above information about BPL is only provided as a reference guide for those who are using 5MHz and experience interference from BPL.
If anyone has other information about 5MHz operation in any country, that you think should be included in future 5MHz updates, please post the information to this forum or send it to me by direct email. For those who are interested in staying more informed or participating in further discussions about changes in 5MHz internationally, I also moderate the international 5MHz (http://groups.yahoo.com/group/5mhz/)group on Yahoogroups.
73---Bonnie KQ6XA
.
Propagation on 5MHz fills in the distance gap between 40 metres and 80 metres, especially during morning and evening hours. It also provides different band openings during winter and at higher latitudes than 40 metres.
Here is a recently updated list of 5MHz channels, bands, and frequencies related to amateur radio (as of 12-2005).
Worldwide 5MHz Frequency and Channel List
CHANNEL DIAL FREQ ... LOCATION REMARKS
102.0 = 5102.0kHz USB (Australia)[WIA/WICEN Emergency]
167.5 = 5167.5kHz USB (Alaska)[Emergency]
194.5 = 5194.5kHz USB (Germany) [DRA5 Beacon]
250.0-310.0 = 5250 to 5310kHz Bangladesh
258.5 = 5258.5kHz USB (UK)[Canada-Experimental]
267.5 = 5267.5kHz USB (Canada-Experimental]
278.5 = 5278.5kHz USB (UK/Finland/Norway/Iceland)
288.5 = 5288.5kHz USB (UK/Finland/Norway/Iceland)[Canada Exp][UK Beacons]
298.5 = 5298.5kHz USB (Finland)
318.5 = 5318.5kHz USB [Canada-Experimental]
327.5 = 5327.5kHz USB [Canada-Experimental]
330.5 = 5330.5kHz USB (USA/Finland/Norway/Iceland/St.Lucia)
346.5 = 5346.5kHz USB (USA/Finland/Norway/Iceland/St.Lucia)
355.0 = 5355.0kHz USB (Australia)[WIA/WICEN Emergency]
366.5 = 5366.5kHz USB (USA/Finland/Norway/Iceland)
371.5 = 5371.5kHz USB (USA/Finland/Norway/Iceland/St.Lucia)
398.5 = 5398.5kHz USB (UK/Finland/Norway/Iceland)[Canada-Exp]
403.5 = 5403.5kHz USB (USA/UK/Norway/Iceland/St.Lucia)[Canada-Exp]
Notes on the 5MHz List (International):
1) Dial Frequency: Above listed frequencies are "dial frequencies" as you see them on your radio. The center-of-channel offset is already figured out for you. (The center-of-channel is usually 1.5kHz higher than the dial frequency).
2) Worldwide: The current worldwide standard for Amateur Radio on 5MHz is Upper Sideband (USB). Other emission types are also in use.
3) USA: Only USB voice with 2.8kHz bandwidth is authorized in USA for all General class or higher licensees, using the equivalent of 50 Watts into a dipole.
4) UK: Voice, Digital, and CW modes within a 3kHz bandwidth at 200 Watts are authorised in UK for holders of experimental or N.O.V., and channels are often described by the centre-of-channel frequency (dial+1500Hz) or the formal "Foxtrot" designators FA-FB-FC-FE-FM. The Beacon Network (http://g4irx.nowindows.net/fivemegs/comparison.php) on 5290kHz is active for real-time ionospheric propagation soundings.
5) Germany: DRA5 Experimental Beacon, operated by DARC (DK0WCY beacon team), transmits propagation data (dial+1500Hz) CW/RTTY/PSK31.
6) Canada: Experimental licensed operation by Marconi Radio Club (VO1MRC) members. CW or USB on 5260, 5269, 5280, 5290, 5319, 5400 and 5405 kHz with 100 watts output. Some beacon testing on 5269.5 kHz and CW QSOs on 5260 kHz.
7) Finland: Club stations may apply for authorization to operate the 5MHz channels with maximum power of 50 Watts on USB only. The USB dial frequencies for Finland are: 5288.6, 5298.6, 5330.6, 5346.6, 5366.6, 5371.6, 5398.6 kHz.
8) Australia: Wireless Institute of Australia is licenced for 2 HF land mobile 5MHz channels, for emergency use by the Wireless Institute Civil Emergency Network, using non-amateur callsigns AXF404 and AXF405, and ACMA type approved radio equipment (such as the transceivers normally used for HF outback communications in the VKS737 HF net).
9) Remote bases and Echolink HF stations: Some HF remote base stations in USA have been in operation on 5371.5kHz, using Internet Remote Base or Echolink with voice squelch and/or UHF remotes.
10) Evening/Night Guidelines: 5MHz channels are a shared resource with many users. In many countries, amateurs are secondary users and must QRT when a primary station is on the channel. For this reason, transmission time should be kept to a minimum, and it is best to wait a few seconds before responding during a QSO. Considerate hams usually try to avoid longwinded ragchews during peak evening hours whenever activity is high and propagation is open for wide regional communications on the 5MHz channels.
11) Iceland: 8 channels with 3kHz bandwidth, USB or CW at 100W.
12) Bangladesh: 5250 to 5310 kHz Amateur Applications; Amateur propagation experiments with stations of administrations permitting such activities. Secondary status.
13) St. Lucia (J6) has the same 5 channels as USA and there continues to be activity.
14) Other countries: Some other authorised 5MHz operations have been reported such as the 5Z4HW DXpedition in Kenya, and the ZD8I (G8WVW) operation in Ascension Island in April 2005. Some experimental operation has also been reported from Russia. Other reports of operation include Columbia and Mexico.
Here are some useful operating techniques for the 5MHz channels:
1. Put the 5MHz channels in your transceiver memory, including the USB mode. If possible, also include narrow TX bandwidth,and the correct transmit power level.
2. Before transmitting, check your transceiver's calibration against a time/frequency reference signal such as WWV on 5000.000 kHz. Select a channel, check your power setting, lock your VFO dial, and lock your microphone "channel Up/Down" switch and keypad.
3. Use your RIT or receive clarifier to tune other stations in. Do not change your main VFO dial or transmit frequency unless you discover that you are out of calibration.
4. Avoid long auto-tuning or manual-tuning times if possible. Transmission of a carrier, especially zero-beat, is not allowed in some countries (such as USA).
5. Before starting to transmit, listen on the channel for at least 3 minutes. If it is vacant, start by just saying your callsign. Similar to VHF repeater operation, it is not necessary to call a long CQ. Just announcing your callsign (phonetically) and your location is sometimes enough to start up a contact.
6. If you have a very high receive noise level at your QTH, be very cautious about transmitting because you may be interfering with primary users or a QSO that is already in progress between amateurs.
7. Try to peacefully co-exist and share the channel with other stations talking in the background. Unlike other HF SSB ham bands, 5MHz is channelised and very limited. Don't insist upon a totally clear channel, because it is possible for there to be several layers of QSOs going on simultaneously in different areas on the same channel.
8. ID more often than you normally would. Once you establish contact, say your callsign and the callsign of station you are talking to. This will help a lot when there are multiple stations simultaneously using the same channel.
9. Avoid ragchewing. Use short transmissions, drag your feet between overs, and give everyone a chance to use the channels. Be open to other stations calling each other between gaps in your QSO.
10. There are many 5MHz channels around the world now, and the list is growing. Among regular 5MHz operators, the channels are often called by the last few digits in kiloHertz, such as "403.5" (meaning the dial frequency 5403.5kHz).
USA, here are the 5MHz FCC Rules:
"§97.303 (s) An amateur station having an operator holding a General, Advanced or Amateur Extra Class license may only transmit single sideband, suppressed carrier, (emission type 2K8J3E) upper sideband on the channels 5332 kHz, 5348 kHz, 5368 kHz, 5373 kHz, and 5405 kHz. Amateur operators shall ensure that their transmission occupies only the 2.8 kHz centered around each of these frequencies. Transmissions shall not exceed an effective radiated power (e.r.p) of 50 W PEP. For the purpose of computing e.r.p. the transmitter PEP will be multiplied with the antenna gain relative to a dipole or the equivalent calculation in decibels. A half wave dipole antenna will be presumed to have a gain of 0 dBd. Licensees using other antennas must maintain in their station records either manufacturer data on the antenna gain or calculations of the antenna gain. No amateur station shall cause harmful interference to stations authorized in the mobile and fixed services; nor is any amateur station protected from interference due to the operation of any such station."
USA FCC "Emergency Communications Declaration" information for USA emergency net operators using 5MHz:
In 2004, the FCC changed its general policy for issuing Emergency Communications Declarations (ECD) on Amateur Radio Service frequencies. ECDs typically are issued to temporarily protect certain frequencies for emergency net use only. The policy says that ECDs may now be issued for one or two 5MHz channels and/or VHF/UHF frequencies. Prior to this policy, ECDs typically were issued during weather-related and wildfire emergencies for frequencies in the 75 and 40 meter bands. The FCC also said that frequencies in other Amateur Service bands where emergency nets already have been established may be used during emergencies under the provisions of rule §97.101c (which stipulates that Amateur Radio Service operators give priority to stations providing emergency communications at all times and on all frequencies).
5MHz interference from BPL and HomePlug transmitters:
Some Broadband Over Power Line (BPL) and in-building powerline communications systems (PLCs) use HF and low VHF spectrum for transmitting signals which radiate in the general area of the power lines. Some of these systems have voluntarily conformed to the HomePlug standard which uses "spectrum notches" in most of the HF ham bands in their effort to mitigate some of the interference they cause to hams. However, the existing HomePlug standard does not provide spectrum notches for the 5MHz channels. The USA FCC requires that any new BPL systems have the capability to notch out frequencies whenever they generate interference to licensed services. However, in practice, it is has been difficult to get BPL systems to deal with interference complaints.
For reference purposes, here is a list of the USA FCC-authorized BPL (Broadband over Power Lines) transmitting bands for USA
1.705 MHz to 2.850 MHz (160m Amateur Radio Service)
3.025 MHz to 3.400 kHz
3.500 MHz to 4.650 MHz (80m Amateur Radio Service)
4.700 MHz to 5.450 MHz (60m Amateur Radio Service)
5.680 MHz to 6.525 MHz
6.685 MHz to 8.815 MHz (40m Amateur Radio Service)
8.965 MHz to 10.005 MHz
10.100 MHz to 11.275 MHz (30m Amateur Radio Service)
11.400 MHz to 13.260 MHz
13.360 MHz to 17.900 MHz (20m Amateur Radio Service)
17.970 MHz to 21.924 MHz (17m,15m Amateur Radio Service)
22.000 MHz to 74.800 MHz (12m,10m,6m Amateur Radio Service)
75.200 to 80.000 MHz
Note:
It is certainly not my intention to turn this into a BPL discussion. The above information about BPL is only provided as a reference guide for those who are using 5MHz and experience interference from BPL.
If anyone has other information about 5MHz operation in any country, that you think should be included in future 5MHz updates, please post the information to this forum or send it to me by direct email. For those who are interested in staying more informed or participating in further discussions about changes in 5MHz internationally, I also moderate the international 5MHz (http://groups.yahoo.com/group/5mhz/)group on Yahoogroups.
73---Bonnie KQ6XA
.